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Enterprise value
In business valuation, enterprise value is the value of the business. It includes any intangible assets not booked such as goodwill,...
Thomas Tsang
Mar 81 min read
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Walk through in audit
To perform walk through in audit with the objective to ascertain the audit assertions. We need to understand the control or process in...
Thomas Tsang
Feb 251 min read
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Fair value measurement after initial recognition of investment in equity instruments
Per FRS 109, para 5.1.1, financial assets such as equity instruments shall be initially measured at fair value. And subsequently measured...
Thomas Tsang
Sep 12, 20241 min read
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Timing for impairment test on goodwill
In Singapore FRS 36, paragraph 96 ”The annual impairment test for a cash-generating unit to which goodwill has been allocated may be...
Thomas Tsang
Jun 17, 20241 min read
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Prior year error
When there was a judgement made in prior year without concrete evidence of support. The audit should have qualified it. When in...
Thomas Tsang
Mar 30, 20241 min read
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Impairment test under US GAAP
Under US GAAP, the carrying amount of the assets is compared to the undiscounted future cash flow of the assets generated. If the amount...
Thomas Tsang
Nov 20, 20231 min read
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Discount on enterprise value
When apply discount on lack of marketability (DLOM) and lack of control (DLOC) on enterprise value (EV), it is a multiple of EV x...
Thomas Tsang
May 29, 20231 min read
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Equity instrument
In accordance with SFRS109, investment in equity instruments must be subsequently measured at fair value. In limited circumstances, cost...
Thomas Tsang
Jan 29, 20231 min read
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Budget cost in contract using input method
In contract revenue to recognise using input method, one of the key audit procedures is to ascertain the budgeted cost of the project...
Thomas Tsang
Mar 28, 20221 min read
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Change in PPE from cost model to revaluation model
For change of accounting policy for PPE from cost model to revaluation model. It is not follow FRS 8 as exempted from prior year...
Thomas Tsang
Nov 30, 20211 min read
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Financial assets classified from current to non-current
When receivables classified from current to non-current, it needs to be measured at fair value upon reclassification. The different will...
Thomas Tsang
Oct 11, 20211 min read
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ESOS
For start up company, issue of Employee Share Option Scheme (ESOS) is a common remuneration package to employee. For accounting purpose,...
Thomas Tsang
Sep 18, 20211 min read
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Revenue recognise over time
Per FRS115, para 35, there are 3 criteria for revenue should be recognised over time if one of the criteria is met as mentioned in 35...
Thomas Tsang
Jul 20, 20211 min read
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Subsequent event for next financial year
In the case when we issue a financial statements on a date after the next financial year end. There may be an event happened after the...
Thomas Tsang
Jul 13, 20211 min read
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Accounting for equity instruments
When there is an investment in equity instrument, it is required to measure it subsequently at fair value per FRS109. It is also required...
Thomas Tsang
Jun 11, 20211 min read
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Completeness of FX gain in money changer or payment service
In the money changing and payment services provider, the completeness in FX gain is always a challenge to auditor. We have to rely on...
Thomas Tsang
May 13, 20211 min read
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Accounting is crucial
Company’s directors always misunderstood that audit is more important than proper accounting. Auditor will fix everything for the...
Thomas Tsang
May 1, 20211 min read
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Completeness and cut off
Completeness assertion is transaction should have been recorded have been recorded. We need to ascertain transaction happened have been...
Thomas Tsang
Apr 24, 20211 min read
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Remeasurement of lease
When lease is remeasured due to expected increase in lease payment, the lease liability is remeasured based on new lease payment without...
Thomas Tsang
Apr 16, 20211 min read
53 views
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Non compliance with laws and regulations
The new ACRA code of conduct and ethics effective 1 Mar 2021. Section 360 - Responding to non-compliance with laws and regulations When...
Thomas Tsang
Apr 10, 20211 min read
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